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| Volume 14, No. 1, June
2015 |
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Retail Developments in Poland, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine: |
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A Comparative Analysis |
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Lalita A. Manrai |
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Department of Business Administration, University of Delaware, U.S.A.
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Ajay K. Manrai
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Department of Business Administration, University of Delaware, U.S.A. |
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Dana-Nicoleta
Lascu
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Marketing Department,
University of Richmond, U.S.A. |
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David Dickerson
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Bang College of Business,
KIMEP University, Kazakhstan
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| Abstract |
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We apply the “Three Speed” model (Lynn, 1993) to
compare retail industry developments in the context
of three countries—a non-Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS) country (Poland), a former CIS country
that terminated its relationship with CIS in 2014
although it was one of the founding members
(Ukraine), and a current CIS country (Kazakhstan).
Poland is considered to be the lead country, Ukraine
is considered to be the lag country, and Kazakhstan
is considered to fall in between Poland and Ukraine
in terms of retail developments. We propose an
“Environmental Theory,” and in particular an
“Adjustment Theory,” suggesting that the retail
development is a function of various environmental
influences and a country’s capability to adopt the
changes resulting from the environmental dynamics.
We provide a comparative discussion of the
environment in the three countries and favorable as
well as unfavorable factors for the development of
retail trade. Retail developments are compared using
both qualitative and quantitative indicators, which
support our conceptualization that the “Three Speed”
model has relevance for comparison of retail
development in these three countries.
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Key words:
“Three
Speed” model;
environmental
influences;
adjustment
theory;
retail
development;
Poland;
Kazakhstan;
Ukraine |
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JEL
classification:
M00 |
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